| Wolf-Moose Foundation Newsletter (Volume 1, Issue 2) |
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Chippewa Harbor Pack Male with Moose Photo Credit: Rolf Peterson |
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| | Bull Moose
Photo Credit: Wolf-Moose Project |
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Letter from the President |
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Jeffrey Holden, President of the Wolf-Moose Foundation, has been supporting the Wolf-Moose Project for over 20 years, leading Moosewatch groups in search of moose bones. He loves the island, rain or shine (though he prefers shine), and enjoys working with everyone involved in the Project. In real life, Jeff is a mild-mannered data professional in healthcare in southeast Michigan. |
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Welcome to the Wolf-Moose Foundation Newsletter!
You’re receiving this newsletter because you’ve helped with or expressed interest in the Wolf-Moose Project in the past, and we want to thank you for your support.
In each newsletter, we share the latest updates, activities, and scientific discoveries from the Isle Royale Wolf-Moose Project—the longest-running study of any predator-prey system in the world.
In this issue (Volume 1, Issue 2), we will explore recent research aimed at understanding why moose eat certain types of plants in summer. We also share a summary of what our amazing citizen science research expeditions (known as Moosewatch) discovered over the summer, along with several personal stories from the dedicated volunteers and scientists involved.
The world-renowned research conducted by Wolf-Moose Project is made possible by the generous donations of supporters. The Wolf-Moose Foundation was established to raise the necessary funds to ensure the project can continue its groundbreaking research and uncover the wonders of Isle Royale’s unique ecosystem for many more years to come. The Wolf-Moose Foundation and Wolf-Moose Project are also deeply committed to advancing the conservation of predator populations around the world.
Going forward, newsletters will be sent exclusively to members first. If you’d like to continue receiving the newsletter and are not currently a Foundation Member, you can click [here] to become a member. By making a donation and becoming a member, you are helping to support this remarkable scientific study and joining a community of people who are committed to conserving wildlife populations around the world. After each newsletter is released, the previous edition will be posted to our website for general access, giving members the opportunity to enjoy the content first.
For our current members, thank you for your unwavering commitment! We look forward to providing you with exclusive content and benefits.
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These images offer a glimpse into the daily lives of the wolves and moose that are central to the Wolf-Moose Project. They reflect the dynamic environment and the profound connections we aim to highlight in our ongoing exploration of this remarkable ecosystem. |
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Cow and Calf
Photo Credit: Wolf-Moose Project |
| Gray Wolf Photo Credit: Rolf Peterson |
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As the Wolf-Moose Foundation looks ahead to 2025, we are developing a new series of entertaining and informative events, activities and resources for our members. These events are not only focused on the wolves and moose on Isle Royale but will also feature wolf populations in other parts of the U.S.
One exciting initiative is a new seminar series. The series will feature three virtual presentations in February, March, and April. Kicking off the series will be Doug Smith, the long-time project leader for the Yellowstone Gray Wolf Restoration Project in Yellowstone National Park. (for a full description, see Upcoming Events).
Attendance for these events will be limited, with Foundation Members receiving priority access to reserve their spots.
Thank you for being part of the Wolf-Moose Foundation community. Your continued support helps to further our mission of conserving these incredible species and sharing their stories.
Together, we can make a real difference!
By Jeffrey Holden
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The Wolf-Moose Foundation's fundraising goal for 2024 is $400,000. In our first newsletter from August 10, we reported that we had raised $253,000. In the last 6 weeks, we have raised an additional $21,000, meaning we have now raised a total of $274,000 - almost 70% of our annual fundraising goal!
Can you help us maintain this momentum and reach our target within the next three months? For those of you that have already donated, we thank you for your generous support. |
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Field Assistants Izzy and Millie gear up with backcountry skis to track wolves and moose during winter study, collecting vital samples along the way. |
| Wolf tracks in the snow mark the beginning of many backcountry adventures during winter study, guiding researchers through the wilderness. |
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Photo Credit: Wolf-Moose Project | | Photo Credit: Wolf-Moose Project |
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One of our major and recurring expenses is conducting winter fieldwork on Isle Royale. This essential work allows us to monitor changes in the moose population, estimate the number and size of wolf packs, and assess the impact wolves have on moose. In addition to the aerial surveys we introduced in Issue 1, winter researchers also track moose and wolves by following their trails in the snow on skis and snowshoes. These tracks lead to critical samples, such as scat, which provide insights into the genetics, health, and diets of both species.
Transportation to and from the island during this crucial time is no small feat, requiring careful coordination in harsh winter conditions. In addition to these logistics, the samples collected in the field—such as scat and bone fragments—require detailed analysis in the lab, adding to the overall costs. Your donation helps cover the cost of transporting field crews, conducting aerial surveys, purchasing essential equipment to keep our team safe, and processing the critical samples that provide valuable insights into the health and ecology of Isle Royale's wolves and moose.
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We'd love your support! Please consider clicking the 'Donate' button below to visit our donation page. |
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The Science of Isle Royale |
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Loreen "Reen" Niewenhuis is an author and adventurer. While exploring the islands of the Great Lakes for a book, she volunteered for Moosewatch. Because of this, Isle Royale became one of her favorite places. She has hiked nine times for Moosewatch and is now a team leader. Currently, she is a specialist on an expedition ship, where she gives lectures and guides voyages from the Great Lakes all the way to Antarctica. |
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The Isle Royale Wolf-Moose Project, now in its 66th year, has produced over 100 scientific publications. In The Science of Isle Royale we’ll take a closer look at one of these publications. In this issue, we focus on a study which aimed to understand why moose eat aquatic plants in summer. If you’ve had the pleasure of seeing a moose, you know they are large animals, weighing over 800 pounds. To maintain their large size, they need to consume a substantial amount of vegetation—around 30-40 pounds of plant matter each day. |
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In the winter, balsam fir make up over half of the moose diet. Moose also forage for 22 other tree species, shrubs and lichens. It’s well known that moose lose weight in the winter due to this sparse diet, and then work to regain weight during the milder months. Once the island's interior lakes lose their ice cover, moose spend much of their time wading into the water to feed on aquatic plants. Scientists (and hikers) have observed this behavior for decades. Aquatic plants are known to have a higher salt content than land plants, which may explain why moose seek them out. However, scientists wanted to quantify the nutritional value of aquatic plants compared to land plants during the warmer months. |
| Balsam Fir Browsed by Moose
Photo Credit: Wolf-Moose Project |
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Cow Moose Eating Aquatic Plants
Photo Credit: Wolf-Moose Project |
| Cow Moose Swimming for Aquatic Plants
Photo Credit: Sarah Hoy |
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There are other factors to consider as well: A moose is safer from wolves when in the water. Could this also be a reason they pass up land plants in favor of aquatic ones? Additionally, the water provides a cooling benefit on warm days. Or are moose primarily entering the water for plants with higher nutritional value to help them regain the weight lost during the long winter? To better understand the moose diet, scientists compared the protein content of their preferred land plants with that of aquatic plants. They also sampled their winter feed to compare nutritional value of the moose’s year-round diet.
Unsurprisingly, late summer and autumn forage was found to be up to three times more nutritious than the moose’s winter diet. Analyses of summer aquatic plants versus land plants revealed some interesting insights. Carbon content plays an important role in nutritional uptake, but when plants contain high levels of nitrogen, it slows down the moose’s ability to process and extract nutrition from the forage. Overall, aquatic plants were found to have higher carbon content and lower nitrogen levels, making them a higher-quality food source than land plants. |
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Water Lily Photo Credit: Amanda Griggs |
| Watershield Photo Credit: Amanda Griggs |
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Two aquatic plants that moose prefer are pond lilies (photo above, left) and watershield (photo above, right). These plants are highly sought after by moose, so when moose populations are high, these plants become rarer due to preferential feeding.
Overall, aquatic plants are an important, high-quality food source for moose during the summer. They complement the land plants moose consume as they work to recover from the long winter and put on weight for the next one. By Loreen Niewenhius
This research was published in the journal Alces, a journal devoted to understanding the biology of moose. The title of the study is Aquatic Areas Provide High Nitrogen Forage for Moose in Isle Royale National Park., authored by Keren B. Tischler, William J. Severud, Rolf O. Peterson, John A. Vucetich, and Joseph K. Bump.
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Another plant, not aquatic but water-loving, adored by moose is the marsh marigold. Here you see a marsh marigold in bloom (left) and after being heavily browsed by a passing moose (right). |
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Marsh Marigold
Photo Credit: Sarah Hoy |
| Marsh Marigold Browsed by Moose
Photo Credit: Sarah Hoy |
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Still Searching for the Perfect Name! |
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Our newsletter is missing something—a name as unforgettable as the wolves and moose of Isle Royale! Submissions have only just started to roll in, so we’ve decided to keep the Name the Newsletter Contest open for one more round. That’s where you come in! Whether it’s something bold like The Howl & Antler or whimsical like The Moose Tracks Journal, we can’t wait to hear your creative ideas.
Submit your suggestion by clicking [here], and stay tuned as we continue the search for the name that best captures the heart of the Wolf-Moose Foundation Newsletter. Could it be your idea? We’ll announce the winner soon! |
| Isle Royale Fox (On the lookout, waiting for your brilliant name suggestion!) Photo Credit: Garrett Craig |
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Carolyn "Candy" Peterson's contributions to the Isle Royale Wolf-Moose Project span over five decades. She’s been a field assistant, logistics expert, writer and educator, and she’s raised a family on Isle Royale. Candy enjoys park visitors, not only to share research findings but also to restore people’s faith in the human animal. |
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As I record data on necropsy cards, volunteers Ron Eckoff and Dick Murray sit at the picnic table at Bangsund Cabin, cleaning and labeling moose bones that were found over the summer by our Moosewatch citizen scientist teams. Whenever research teams find the remains of a dead moose or wolf, the animal is assigned a unique identification number. We collect certain bones so they can be carefully analyzed back in the lab, and we fill out a specialized datasheet known as a necropsy card. This card eventually contains all the data and information we have gathered about that individual animal, such as whether it was male or female, its estimated age at death, and any signs of diseases (e.g., osteoporosis or osteoarthritis).
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Ron Eckoff and Dick Murray Clean Bones Photo Credit: Candy Peterson |
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In 2024, Moosewatch teams—comprised of 61 volunteers and 15 leaders—did outstanding work, hiking a total of 707 miles (47.8% off-trail) and contributing 115 new necropsy records. Teams also observed 48 live moose, and several groups saw or heard wolves, particularly on the island’s east end, where wolves spent considerable time near campgrounds and developed areas of Rock Harbor. |
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Notable finds in 2024 included eight antlered bulls, two of which were found locked together, as well as a wolf skull. Based on its condition, the skull appears to have belonged to a wolf that died several years before wolves were reintroduced to Isle Royale in 2018.
I’m incredibly grateful to all our wonderful "Moosewatchers" for discovering these bones, collecting crucial specimens, and sharing all the insights they gathered from the sites where these animals died. I hope you all benefited from your Moosewatch experience in 2024. Our efforts not only advance our understanding of this unique ecosystem, but they also honor these moose and the intricate system that connects us all. Many thanks! This project is truly a team effort! By Candy Peterson |
| Antlered Moose Skull Photo Credit: Amanda Griggs |
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Moosewatch Volunteers Hiking Out, Laden with Moose Bones Collected from the Field Photo Credit: Garrett Craig |
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Moose Bones and Field Notes |
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| Dick Murray started visiting Isle Royale with his wife and children in the early 1980s. After retiring, he volunteered with Earthwatch and then Moosewatch. Now, his grandchildren hike there, and Dick cleans moose bones for a week at Bangsund Cabin each September.
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In 1960, a graduate student at Purdue University named David Mech, working under the supervision of Dr. Durward Allen, began collecting moose bones from Isle Royale. The only bone collected in these early years was the metatarsal, which is the lowest of three bones in a moose's hind leg. The metatarsal connects the bones of the ankle (tarsals) to the toe bones (phalanges). In humans, metatarsals consist of five small bones in our feet. Animals like moose, that walk on their toes, evolved to have a single, long metatarsal in each rear leg. Each moose is born with two metatarsals in each leg, but they fuse into one bone by age two. A vestigial fifth metatarsal, resembling a bony toothpick, is often attached to one of them. The moose's metatarsal is interesting in part because its size is an indicator of early nutrition.
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Metatarsal Bone Showing the "Toothpick-Like" Vestigial Bone Photo Credit: Sarah Hoy |
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From Wolf Island: Discovering the Secrets of a Mythic Animal by L. David Mech.
Published by the University of Minnesota Press, 2020. Used by permission. |
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Over the sixty-plus years of the wolf-moose study, the list of collected bones has grown. Now the goal is to include the skull, along with the jaw bone or mandible, and any teeth, particularly the eight incisors from the mandibles. Researchers and volunteers also collect any bones showing signs of disease, such as a pelvis with arthritic hip joints. |
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Skull, Mandibles, Incisors with Tags
Photo Credit: Erin Parker |
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Currently, the collection includes more than 20,000 bones from nearly 6,000 different moose. Most of these bones have been collected by small teams of volunteers hiking away from the trails of Isle Royale, in areas chosen by the lead researcher, Dr. Rolf Peterson. The bones are initially marked with a black marker and also with a metal tag numbered according to the sequence of finds by that team. To become a numbered find, at least one tooth must be discovered, which commonly means there is a mandible or skull among the bones. When the team of volunteers completes its time on Isle Royale, the bones are turned over to the researchers. The sequence has now reached almost 6,000. As you can see from the record of initial finds, considerable information is recorded.
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Field Data Collection Card - Complete
Photo Credit: Sarah Hoy |
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When the researchers receive the bones, they conduct various examinations. In the early days of the study, the moose's age at death was primarily estimated by examining the degree of development of the adult teeth and the amount of wear on the molars. Later it was discovered that the teeth put down a new layer of enamel each year, and a cross section of teeth such as the incisors located at the tip of the mandible show rings that can be counted like the rings on the trunk of a tree. Determining the year of death can sometimes be estimated by signs of a fresh kill. When a moose's year of death and age at death are known, it can be assigned to a birth cohort. Then the circumstances of that group's lives can sometimes be correlated with environmental conditions. For example:
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Moose Skull with Teeth Photo Credit: Amy Godwin |
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"... we measured the concentration of mercury and lead in the teeth of moose for which we knew the year of birth, thus the year when their teeth were formed. The moose we analyzed had lived in different years between 1952 and 2002. What we found is that mercury concentration dropped suddenly by about 65% in the early 1980s and has remained constant for the following two decades. Lead began declining in the early 1980s and continued declining throughout the next two decades. By 2002 lead concentrations in adult moose teeth were 80% lower than they had been prior to the early 1980s"
Research reported [here]. |
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These declines in mercury and lead are thought to be the result of anti-pollution regulations, like the US Clean Air Act of 1970 and the removal of lead from gasoline, first mandated in 1975, which resulted in significant declines in concentrations of lead and mercury in the atmosphere over eastern North America and ultimately in terrestrial ecosystems.
To preserve the bone record for future inquiry by scientists, bones are given a preliminary cleaning on Isle Royale and then transferred to temporary storage at Michigan Technological University where they receive additional cleaning as needed. The bones are carefully measured and examined and then curated to museum standards. The bones will ultimately be housed in a facility managed by the U.S. National Park Service in Calumet, MI. The data collected from these bones has already been used in a large number of scientific studies on a wide range of topics. The scientific value of the bone collection is expected to increase over time as the development of new technologies allow us conduct new analyses and gain new insights. The most lasting result of the Wolf-Moose Project may be this collection of bones and the understanding of wolf and moose ecology derived from these artifacts.
By Dick Murray |
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Jeffrey Holden, President of the Wolf-Moose Foundation, has been supporting the Wolf-Moose Project for over 20 years, leading Moosewatch groups in search of moose bones. He loves the island, rain or shine (though he prefers shine), and enjoys working with everyone involved in the Project. In real life, Jeff is a mild-mannered data professional in healthcare in southeast Michigan.
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Volunteer Profile – Brianna Labelle-Hahn
I love hiking with Brianna Labelle-Hahn. Brianna has participated in four Moosewatch expeditions over the past seven years, and she is a great addition to any group. Professionally, Brianna is an engineer at Stryker in Kalamazoo, Michigan, but that only scratches the surface of her professional background. She is a mechanical engineer with biomedical engineering experience, a programmer (e.g., Python, C++), knowledgeable about robotics, and—when backpacking—is the best at MacGyver-ing solutions to problems.
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Brianna first heard about Moosewatch in 2009. That year, she received a scholarship for the National Summer Transportation Institute at Michigan Tech. Through that program, she visited Isle Royale for a day trip. She loved it, and the next year, signed up for a summer youth camp program at MTU, where she was able to backpack on Isle Royale (2010). During this second trip to the island, Brianna met Candy Peterson and learned more about the Moosewatch program. Brianna distinctly remembers Candy serving chocolate cake with Isle Royale blueberries—very delicious. Brianna returned years later for Moosewatch in 2017, after she had graduated from college and could afford backpacking gear.
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| Brianna Labelle-Hahn Photo Credit: Jeff Holden |
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In 2014, Brianna studied abroad in Korea for two months and traveled extensively. She attended a mud festival and ate mulhoe (pronounced mool-hway), a cold raw fish soup. She stayed in a temple where she learned how to live like a Buddhist monk. She also visited an international fireworks festival, where she saw fireworks in shapes like hearts and smiley faces. She sang often in norebangs (karaoke rooms) and learned how to drink like a Korean. Brianna’s favorite time in Korea was visiting her friend Hyewon's home in Busan—a home away from home. Hyewon and Brianna are still friends today.
This Korean experience means backpacking with Brianna often includes trying various Southeast Asian foods. Most recently, I had a taste of the provocatively named Kissburn. Kissburn is a vegetarian snack that resembles jerky in texture with a slow burn. It starts mildly hot, but the heat builds, and in my case, I ended up coughing from the spiciness. I only had one!
Brianna loves volunteering! For the past two years, she has organized a bike drive and disassembly event for the Open Roads bike program in Kalamazoo. Open Roads teaches kids how to fix bikes, and they get to keep the bike they repair. Brianna has also volunteered with Get Out the Vote organizations and Kalamazoo Pride. For four years, Brianna mentored students in the Detroit International Academy for Young Women's FIRST Robotics team. She worked with the students for six weeks to build a robot that competes in a new game every year. "The students I work with are fantastic and inspire me to become a more creative designer, diligent engineer, and steadfast manager. I can't wait to see what they come up with next. Go Pink Panthers!"
Brianna also enjoys Stryker's Bring Your Family to Work Day, where she designs 3D-printed gizmos for kids to build and play with. If it gives back to the community and sounds fun, Brianna is usually there.
When backpacking and something needs to be done or figured out, Brianna is great to have around. This first became apparent in 2018 when several of us (myself, David Conrad, and Dave Beck) were attempting to put up a tarp at our campsite in case of rain (which did occur). It was an oversized tarp, and the three of us were fumbling about. While we managed to get the tarp up and it would have protected us, it wasn’t cleanly or gracefully done. It was more of a "whatever works" setup. Brianna patiently waited for us to finish, then, with a look that implicitly said, stand aside, boys, she re-rigged the tarp in short order so that it was taut, high enough to stand under in most spots, and had that competent, professional look you want all your tarps to have. It would keep the rain off of us, and we’d be comfortable.
More recently, Brianna added to her MacGyver bona fides during our Team hike this past July/August. One team member broke their ankle. I’m pleased to say the entire group (and a number of extra volunteers we pulled in) performed well, calmly, and with purpose, and the injured team member received medical care very quickly (for an injury on Isle Royale). Brianna—along with some duct tape—devised a splint to stabilize the ankle. Once we determined that we couldn’t assist the injured team member in walking out with their arms over our shoulders, Brianna came up with a macramé solution using parachute cord. With several long sticks, macramé cord, and a sleeping pad, we constructed a stretcher, and we carried them out 1.7 miles. Serious injuries like this are a very rare occurrence for our field crews.
Brianna notes that Moosewatch trips are always a test of mental toughness. But what keeps her coming back to the island is the excitement of discovering something new, the serene energy of the island, and spending time with good people. By Jeff Holden |
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Gray Wolf Howling
Photo Credit: Amanda Griggs |
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We’re excited to announce the upcoming Wolf-Moose Foundation Seminar Series, featuring talks from some of the leading experts in wolf ecology and conservation: |
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Doug Smith: Wolves of Yellowstone
Date: Tuesday, February 4th, 2025 Location: Virtual |
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| Douglas W. Smith, PhD, retired as the Senior Wildlife Biologist at Yellowstone National Park in 2022 after 28 years of service. He led the wolf, bird, and elk programs, and initially served as Project Leader for the Yellowstone Wolf Project, overseeing the reintroduction and restoration of wolves to the park. Doug earned a B.S. in Wildlife Biology from the University of Idaho in 1985, and later an M.S. from Michigan Technological University in 1988, working under Rolf Peterson on the Isle Royale wolf-moose study. He completed his PhD in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology at the University of Nevada, Reno in 1997. |
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Doug has published extensively on wolves, beavers, and birds, and co-authored five popular books, including The Wolves of Yellowstone and Decade of the Wolf, which won the 2005 Montana Book Award. His latest book, Yellowstone Birds, was published in October 2023. He has appeared in numerous documentaries for National Geographic and the BBC, participated in around 2,000 media interviews, and recently gave a TEDx talk on wolves. Doug is a member of the Mexican Wolf Recovery Team and IUCN’s Re-Introduction and Canid Specialist Groups.
With 44 years studying wolves and 14 years studying birds, Doug is also an avid canoeist who enjoys remote trips in northern Canada with his wife and two sons. He was recently selected as a National Geographic Live speaker, engaging audiences across North America. |
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Kristin Brzeski: Ghost Wolves of the Gulf Coast Date: Tuesday, March 11th, 2025 Location: Virtual |
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Kristin Brzeski is a conservation geneticist who conducts research at the intersection of applied conservation and wildlife ecology. As an associate professor at Michigan Technological University, she uses noninvasive genetics and a variety of field-based techniques to unravel the ecology of little-known species and protect endangered wildlife. With a primary focus on wolf and coyote genetics, Kristin has made significant contributions in her field as co-director of the Gulf Coast Canine Project and contributor to the Canine Ancestry Project. In addition to her canine research, Kristin is a co-founder of Biodiversity Initiative, a conservation organization focused on the protection of biodiversity in Central Africa through the collaborative creation, study, and management of protected areas.
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Rolf Peterson: Wolves of Isle Royale
Date: Tuesday, April 8th, 2025 Location: Virtual |
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Rolf Peterson began leading the wolf moose project in the early 1970s. He is a world authority on wolves and moose. After retiring as a professor on 2006, he began to devote even more time to the wolf-moose project, and now spends more time on Isle Royale than on the mainland. Rolf continues to be fascinated by the scientific insights and surprises that the island provides. |
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Priority "seating" will be given to Foundation Members for all talks and presentations. Don’t miss this opportunity to engage with leading experts and dive deeper into the fascinating research taking place on Isle Royale and beyond!
Become a member today by making a donation through the link below. Time and access details will be sent out to Foundation members closer to each event. |
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Members of the Wolf-Moose Foundation will host a booth at the following events: |
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Hosted by the Quiet Adventures Society (formerly the Quiet Water Society), the Symposium is an excellent opportunity to connect with long-time Moosewatch participants and Wolf-Moose Foundation board members. The Symposium features presentations, demonstrations, and exhibits promoting non-motorized outdoor recreation and conservation. Stop by our booth to learn more about our work and engage with those deeply involved in the Project. We look forward to seeing you there! |
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Canoecopia 2025 Dates: March 7, 8, and 9, 2025
Times:
Friday: 3 PM – 8 PM
Saturday: 9 AM – 6 PM
Sunday: 10 AM – 4 PM
Location: Alliant Energy Center, 1919 Alliant Energy Way, Madison, Wisconsin
Canoecopia is the world’s largest paddlesports consumer event, featuring 250,000 square feet of paddlesports gear and outdoor equipment, including kayaks, canoes, and stand-up paddleboards. Visit our booth to explore how you can support and get involved with the Wolf-Moose Foundation while enjoying one of the largest gatherings of outdoor enthusiasts. |
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Our favorite quiet adventures tend to happen on the largest island in the world's largest freshwater lake (by surface area).
How about yours? |
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Shed Moose Antler- Angleworm Lake
Photo Credit: Amanda Griggs |
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Welcome to our "In the News" section, where we bring you the latest updates and fascinating stories on a wide array of topics. From wolves, moose, and Isle Royale to scientific discoveries and beyond, we curate a diverse collection of articles and news items. This section highlights important developments and insights related to our ongoing work and other groundbreaking projects across the globe. Stay informed and inspired with the latest from the world of wildlife, conservation, science, and more.
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Are you and your kids excited about Isle Royale? Explore the new online game and training plan from the National Park Service: Isle Royale Wilderness Adventure.
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Just like children, wolf pups enjoy bubbles too (at least at the Memphis Zoo): Wolf Pups Like Bubbles Too.
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Wolves in Minnesota’s Voyageurs National Park rely on beaver- and scientists that study those wolves rely on trail cameras: Voyageurs Wolf Project.
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A Woman Among Wolves, a new memoir by Dr. Diane Boyd, reflects on her experiences with wolves in the West: A Woman Among Wolves
- Marine debris impacts Lake Superior too, and a new art exhibit showcases the harms of debris on the lake and the park: Isle Royale National Park Opens New Marine Debris Exhibit.
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Gray wolves return to Germany, expanding into their former range from Poland: How Germany’s Wolves Made Their Way Home.
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Moose are hard to spot, even when you know exactly what you’re looking for: Moose in Connecticut Are Elusive and Hard to Track.
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Predator-proof fencing helps Wisconsin farmers co-exist with wolves: Farmers Turn to Predator-Proof Fencing.
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Wisconsin’s only endangered mammal, the American marten, returns to Madeline Island: For the First Time in a Century, Martens Have Been Spotted on Lake Superior’s Madeline Island.
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How did the reintroduction of wolves impact smaller carnivores on Isle Royale? A study from the University of Wisconsin-Madison looks at martens and foxes: Study Tracks How Wolf Reintroduction at Isle Royale Impacted Foxes, Martens.
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Madeline Island isn't the only Lake Superior island with the rare American marten;
though elusive, this species can also be found on Isle Royale. |
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Isle Royale American Marten
Photo Credit: Garrett Craig |
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| The Wolf-Moose Foundation is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt charitable nonprofit organization.
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